Music memory - Mnemonic games

Technique teacher-generated to student-created

A primary goal of mnemonic instruction is to have students adopt mnemonic strategies and use them independently. To facilitate the transition from teacher-created to student-created mnemonics, Scruggs outlines six steps:

Tips for Creating Mnemonics

As teachers start creating mnemonics, Dr. Tom Scruggs offers these tips.

To remember the tips, think IF UP?

* Identify the content (concepts, facts, vocabulary) students have most difficulty remembering -- just a few at first.

* Find someone to brainstorm with you keywords or other elaborations. Be sure keywords familiar to you also will be familiar to your students.

* Use your own art, stick figures, cutouts from magazines, help from an artistic student or colleague, or clip art to create mnemonic pictures.

* Practice each step carefully with the class, being sure they have learned the process. When students reply with the keyword instead of an answer, (i.e. "rana" means "rain") say, "No, rain is the keyword to help us retrieve the answer. What was happening in the picture with the rain?"

  1. Incorporate mnemonic strategies as much as possible in your teaching.
  2. Apply attributions. (i.e. "If you use these strategies, you will remember the information.")
  3. Induce creation of the strategies. (i.e. "Mollusks are characterized by a soft skin. What is a good way to remember that?")
  4. Help students create strategies and use class brainstorming.
    • Identify important information or associations.
    • Create keywords or other relevant verbal elaborations.
    • Relate the keyword to the associated information.
    • Execute the steps to retrieve the information.
  5. Have individual students create strategies.
  6. Monitor and evaluate independent creation of mnemonic strategies.

Although creating mnemonics in groups is beneficial, Scruggs feels there are times when mnemonics of the teacher`s design are more appropriate. "Keep in mind that in our research, students were able to create mnemonics successfully and they benefited from doing so, but they still moved through the content considerably more slowly than when teachers created and provided strategies for the class," he explained. "Teachers must consider whether, at a given point in time, recall of important content or learning to use memory strategies has a higher priority."

To read about how two student teachers created a mnemonic to help students learn division, see the Education World Teacher Feature Starring Denise Sockoloskie and Claire Lohr.

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